【纠误篇 · 逻辑过渡词 · 原因③】英国人自己都用错!表原因的介词短语
前面介绍了 表原因的从属连词 ,可以引导原因状语从句。有时候,从句会显得过于臃肿或啰嗦,这种情况下,可以考虑把从句引导的内容变成名词性的短语,前面搭配一些介词短语组成介宾结构来表原因。例如:
➤ I was unsympathetic to his failure because of the head injury.
➤ I was unsympathetic to his failure due to the head injury.
Because of / By virtue of
XXX was employed as the host material by virtue of its high thermal stability, high optical transparency and ready availability.
【用by virtue of引出优点】 There has been an urgent need to improve the current XXX technology, owing to its high cost, poor robustness and constant demand for maintenance.
【用owing to引出缺点】
On account of its rigid structure, the sample can readily endure pressure as high as XXX.
【on account of语气最弱,语句重心在后半句,即结果部分】
Due to的用法
Due to在语法上的作用
与because of/owing to完全一样
Due to只能做表语和后置定语
不能做状语
【做表语的例子】
【做后置定语的例子】
I am excited about his success due to great devotion.
其实,可以认为这种用法是从定语从句演变过来的:
【做状语的错误例子】
✕ He succeeded due to great devotion.
ACS Style Guide里也有类似的要求:
所以回到本文开头的思考题:下面这两句话语义上有什么区别?
➤ I was unsympathetic to his failure because of the head injury.
➤ I was unsympathetic to his failure due to the head injury.
辨析一下:前一句中because of the head injury做状语,修饰谓语was unsympathetic,是在解释「不同情」的原因,所以脑袋受伤的是「我」。这句话的意思是:我因为脑袋受伤了(情感功能受损),对他的失败并不感到同情。如果我们把语序调整一下,意思就更清晰了:
➤ Because of the head injury, I was unsympathetic to his failure.而后一句中due to the head injury做定语,修饰宾语his failure,是在补充「他的失败」的原因,所以脑袋受伤的是「他」。这句话的意思是:他因为脑袋受伤而失败了,对此我并不感到同情。如果我们把due to补充成定语从句,意思就更清晰了:
➤ I was unsympathetic to his failure that is due to the head injury.——但另一方面,现代派主张due to和because of/owing to没有区别,以韦氏辞典为代表:
如果你一时还没能理解due to「只能做表语和后置定语」,那就记住这条窍门:在due to前面补上that is【当然,如果已经前面已经有be动词就不用补了】,如果句子意思不变,那就是正确的;否则还是换成owing to吧。
| 近期预告 |
今天这篇介绍了表原因的五个介词短语,下一篇文章我们还是参考《生活大爆炸》中的台词和语境,巩固一下它们的用法。不想错过的童鞋赶紧点击下面的二维码关注 Super立方体 吧!
------【文中若有谬误,欢迎留言指正】------
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【边笑边学 · 逻辑过渡词 · 原因②】Because, since, as有什么区别?
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